Process of cracking petroleum oil



Oct. 23, 1928.

G. EGLOFF PROCESS OF CRACKING-PETROLEUM OIL Original Filed Oct 17, 1923Patented Oct. 23, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV nsnorr, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIG'NoR To UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTSCOM- PANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or SOUTH DAKOTA.

PROCESS OF CRACKING PETROLEUM OIL.

Application filed October 17, 1923, Serial No. 668,980. Renewed May 28,1928.

This invention relates to improvements in process of cracking petroleumoil, and refers more j articularly to the method of treating theresiduum produced under cracking operation.

The invention will appear from the following description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing, of which the single figure is adiagrammatic view partly inside elevation and partly in vertical sectionof the apparatus.

Referring to the drawings (1) designates the furnace, in which ismounted a heating coil 2) to which fresh stock is fed by means of feedpump and feed line The hot oil passes out of the (oil through transferline (5) controlled by throttle valve (3) to top of expansion chamberThe vapors pass out of expansion chamber through pipe controlled bythrottle valve to the lower end ofdephlegmator (11). Therefiuxcondensate is drawn off from the bottom of dephlegmator throughpipe (12) leading back to feed line (4) and provided with throttle valve(13). The uncondensed vapors pass out of the dephlegmator through pipe(14) controlled by throttle valve (15) to condenser coil (16) and thencethrough pipe (17) and throttle valve (18) to receiver (19). Thisreceiver (19) s provided with gas outlet valve (20) and liquidoutletvalve- (21). As a feature of the invention the residuum 1s drawnoff from the bottom of the expansion chamber through pipe (22)controlled by throttle valve 23) and is passed first through a coolingcoil (24) the outlet of which is controlled by throttle valve (25)through which the residuum flows'to a treating tank (26).

The residuum is introduced into tank 26 through perforated pipe (27)which extends tank (26) is adapted to-be-charged half full, or more,with liquid sulphur dioxide, which may be forced in through pipe (28)controlled by throttle valve (29). By means of the ac tion of the liquidsulphur dioxide after agitation the residuum will stratify into twofractions; one floating on top of the liquid sulphur dioxide, and theother dissolved in the liquid sulphur dioxide. The former is drawn outby pipe (80) controlled by valve (31) and the latter by pipe 30)controlled by valve (31').

The liquid sulphur dioxide and residuum are violently agitated togetherby means of the blades or fins (32) used on shaft driven from motor(234:).

The arrangement is such as to effectively SllbJQCt all parts of theresiduum to the action of the liquid sulphur dioxide.

After the residuum has been permitted to stratify the upper layer isdrawn off and subected to a caustic soda solution to remove therefromany sulphur dioxide contained therein The bottom layer of residuumdissolved in the sulphur dioxide is likewise drawn off and distilled toseparate the residuum content from the liquid sulphur dioxide. The upperlayer so produced may be suitable for obtaining lubricating stock,particularly by subjecting it to sulphuric acid, or other treatments anddistilled in suitable fractions. The lower layer upon similar treatmentmay make good cylinder stock.

The liquid sulphur dioxide selectively sepahydrocarbon oil, under heatand pressure, Y

which consists in withdrawing the residuum from such reaction zone, inpassing the same through a. cooling zone, in then delivering the cooledresiduum to a tank filled to at least fifty per cent of its capacitywith liquid sulphur dioxide, in violent-1y agitating the residuum andthe liquid sulphur dioxide in said tank, in then ceasing the agitationand permitting the residuum constituents and sulphur dioxide to stratifyin upper and lower layers, in sepa rately drawing off the constituentsfrom said upper and lower layers, and in subjecting the separatelywithdrawn constituents to hidependent chemical treatments, to obtainlubrieating stock from the upper stratum and cylinder stock from thelower stratum.

2. A process for treating residuum which accumulates in'the reactionzone of an oil cracking apparatus during the conversion of hydrocarbonoil under heat and pressure which comprises withdrawing the residuumfrom such reaction zone, passing the same through a cooling zone, thencedelivering the lower strata and subjecting the separately withdrawnconstituents to lndependent chem irul treatments to obtain lubricatingstool:

trom the upper stratuinnnd cylinder stock from the lower stratum.

GUSTAV EGLOFF.

